Monday, December 30, 2019
The Loss of the Creature vs the Souls of Black Folk Essay...
Walker Percyââ¬â¢s essay, ââ¬Å"The Loss of the Creatureâ⬠describes the experiences that each person goes through as either a genuine experience driven by own desires, or one that is already preconceived by experts. Percy believes that people can only learn from experiences that are driven by pure personal desire, and not experiences already preconceived by experts. Percy describes the ââ¬Å"loss of sovereigntyâ⬠as preconceived notions of an experience with the help of experts. W.E.B Du Bois, on the other hand, wrote an essay called, ââ¬Å"The Souls of Black Folkâ⬠that contradicts Percyââ¬â¢s term of the ââ¬Å"loss of sovereigntyâ⬠. Du Bois strongly believes that with the help of experts, people can then learn what they need to get ahead in life.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Du Bois said that nothing will change in the educational system, thus, the students never get a chance to explore other than what experts expect and give them to learn. Percy wou ld describe Du Bois students as ââ¬Å"simpleâ⬠students who are letting expert opinions control what they do, and how they perceive information. The expertââ¬â¢s guidance help to ââ¬Å"form [the thoughts] in the sightseerââ¬â¢s mindâ⬠(Percy, 566), thus, it takes away from the genuine experience. Percy would describe Du Bois students as ââ¬Å"simpleâ⬠students who are letting expert opinions control what they do, and how they perceive information. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Percy would disagree with Du Bois that ââ¬Å"old time glorified methods of delving the Truth, and searching the hidden beauties of life, and learning the good of livingâ⬠is through being a ââ¬Å"simpleâ⬠student. One cannot be forced into liking something if they are truly not interested in it, but Du Bois argued that education is something that is necessary without taking into consideration the students desire to learn. Percy though, argued with an example that, ââ¬Å"A student who has the desire to get at a dogfish or a Shakespeare sonnet may have the greatest difficulty in salvaging the creature itself from the educational package in which it is presentedâ⬠(573). Percy suggests that the ââ¬Å"educational packageâ⬠Show MoreRelated Analysis of Tess of the DUrbervilles by Thomas Hardy Essay3684 Words à |à 15 Pagesessential in order to tell the tragic tale of Tess Durbeyfield. There is never an instance in Hardys prose that suggests frill or excess. Themes of the Industrial Revolution in England, the status of women during Victorian England, Christianity vs. Paganism, matters of nobility, and the role that fatalism plays in life weave together with various symbols to create an amazing flow to his novel. At the beginning of chapter thirty-one, Joan Durbeyfield has just sent a letter with her adviceRead MoreEssay on A Conspiracy Phenomenon: Alien Abductions in the U.S.2997 Words à |à 12 Pageschildrens films. In abductions we also reacquaint ourselves with some old (magical) enemies. They have always been with us, these creatures lurking in the dark. Once again we are helpless as they swoop down to capture, terrify and harm us for their own purposes. (page 168, Bullard) The length and grandiosity of most abduction reports outdoes any other folk legend of today. The accounts contain elements of the fantastic seldom found outside the magical and religious lore of pre-industrialRead Morebreaking entering9355 Words à |à 38 Pagesman who owned a baseball bat, walking out of the police station as a free manâ⬠¦It made me look pale and guilty.â⬠(p. 13, line 18) 24. ââ¬Å"I am not a white man.â⬠(p. 13, line 23) 25. ââ¬Å"Oh, I donââ¬â¢t look Indian, or at least not typically Indianâ⬠¦Most folks think Iââ¬â¢m just another white guy who tans well.â⬠(p. 13, line 26) 26. ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m not trying to be holy hereâ⬠¦One could easily mock my lack of cultural connection, but one could not question my race.â⬠(p. 14, line 6) 27. ââ¬Å"People, especially other IndiansRead MoreMarriage and Cohabitation13809 Words à |à 56 Pagesimportant, and one which is so little understood, that it will richly repay special consideration. As marriage has its human origin in the first principles and most interior forms of mans nature, it consists essentially in the union of two minds or souls. The human spirit is the subject and theatre of its operation. It is, therefore, spiritual in its nature. It is not in itself a civil or legal contract; it is not effected by ecclesiastical sanction. It is as impossible for the state or the churchRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words à |à 47 Pagesthey are reading to encourage Revolutionary War support instructive in values American Renaissance/Romanticism period of American Literature - 18001855 Content: ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ ï⠷ writing that can be interpreted 2 ways, on the surface for common folk or in depth for philosophical readers sense of idealism focus on the individual s inner feelings emphasis on the imagination over reason and intuition over facts urbanization versus nostalgia for nature burden of the Puritan past Genre/Style: Read MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words à |à 99 Pages GP NOTES 2010 (ESSAY) Content Page 1. Media a. New vs. Traditional b. New: narcissistic? c. Government Censorship d. Profit-driven Media e. Advertising f. Private life of public figures g. Celebrity as a role model h. Blame media for our problems i. Power + Responsibility of Media j. Media ethics k. New Media and Democracy 2. Science/Tech a. Science and Ethics b. Government and scientist role in science c. Rely too much on technology? d. Nuclear technologyRead MoreVarian Solution153645 Words à |à 615 Pagesyour budget line in the graph (c) If you spent all of your income on commodity 2, how much could you buy? below. x2 8 6 4 2 ,,,,,, ,,,,,, Line Blue ,,,,,, ,,,,,, ,,,,,, Red Line ,,,,,, ,,,,,, ,,,,,,Black Shading ,,,,,, ,,,,,, ,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, Black Line ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, Blue ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, Shading ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2 4 6 8 x1 0 (d) Suppose that theRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words à |à 760 Pages.............................................................................. 299 CHAPTER 10 Deductive Reasoning .......................................................................................... 312 x Implying with Certainty vs. with Probability ................................................................................ 312 Distinguishing Deduction from Induction ..................................................................................... 319 Review of MajorRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 Pages269 United Chemical Company 269 Byron vs. Thomas 271 Active Listening Exercise 272 SKILL APPLICATION 274 Activities for Communicating Supportively Suggested Assignments 274 Application Plan and Evaluation 274 274 SCORING KEYS AND COMPARISON DATA 276 Communicating Supportively 276 Scoring Key 276 Comparison Data 276 Communication Styles 276 Comparison Data 276 SKILL PRACTICE Diagnosing Problems and Fostering Understanding: United Chemical Company and Byron vs. Thomas 278 Observerââ¬â¢s Feedback FormRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words à |à 922 PagesTable 9.1 Table 9.2 Table 9.3 Table 10.1 Table 10.2 Knowledge constituting philosophical assumptions Hierarchy of science and organization theory Fatalism and optimism in the ââ¬Ënewââ¬â¢ modernist organization Bellââ¬â¢s stages of societal development Fordism vs. post-fordism The incidence of part-time work in European Union member states Modernism versus postmodernism Affirmative versus sceptical postmodernism The changing condition of knowledge Pay and profits: Long run performance of FTSE 100 companies (2002
Sunday, December 22, 2019
Persuasive Essay On Smoking - 929 Words
Have you ever wondered why people continue to smoke cigarettes although they are aware that it is harmful for them and the people around them? For some, smoking cigarettes is a solution to relieving stress. According to K.H Ginzel, a professor of pharmacology and toxicology, cigarettes contain over 4,000 different chemicals and one of these chemicals is nicotine. His work at the University of Arkansas is on the area of nicotine and its effects. Ginzel, M.D states ââ¬Å"Nicotine is a highly addictive substance found in many tobacco products.â⬠(Ginzel) Once the chemicals travel to the brain, it causes the user a temporary escape and helps relax the person. However, once that feeling goes away, smokers crave another cigarette. Therefore,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦(Tomlinson) It puts you in such a calm and peaceful state that when the high leaves, you become addicted and in search for that same feeling with the next cigarette. When your put in a stressed situation or just a n ormal predicament that would take effort and some thought, the normal solution for a smoker is to go outside, have a cigarette and ease that urge. But if they dont get a smoke break when they need it, it can cause terrible mood swings. A user can get grumpy and have more attitude if they go without that ââ¬Å"escapeâ⬠. Due to your bodyââ¬â¢s dependance of the drug it can lead to stress or even anger tantrums when you dont fulfill that nicotine pleasure. As good as it made you feel when you took that hit, your emotions go in the opposite direction when you no longer feel the effects of the drug. (Tomlinson) The user can become anxious and depressed without the drug and more likely to eat a lot more to compensate for the loss of the cigarette and have a lot of trouble sleeping. You become a lot more sensitive due to emotional stress without that high feeling. Why go through this bipolar experience with such back and forth emotions when you can just be your normal self witho ut the drug? Smoking is known to cause you to be the outcast in your group of friends. The selfish act of wanting to smoke doesnt only hurt you physically, mentally and health wiseShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay Smoking885 Words à |à 4 Pagessuch as smoking. People smoke for numerous reasons. These reasons include: socializing, coping with emotions, parental influences, advertising, and for the thrill of risk taking behaviors. In consequence, many people are unaware of the negative aspects to smoking. Smoking not only affects the individual but has negative impacts on others that are around the smoker and the environment as well. In result of these harmful aspects of smoking, smoking should be banned in public places. Smoking shouldRead MorePersuasive Essay Smoking911 Words à |à 4 Pages Do you know anyone that has/does suffer from a smoking related issue, that has never even touched a cigarette in their life? The problems that develop from smoking a cigarette are widely known and many people think it is harmful to smoke, but people never think about the harmful effects from inhaling second-hand smoke. Many smokers smoke in public areas every day. Not only are they inhaling all of the deadly chemicals, but so is everyone else around them. Being around a smoker too often and inhalingRead MorePersuasive Essay on Smoking883 Words à |à 4 Pagesà à The Adversities of Smoking. Smoking and even second hand smoking can lead to fatal diseases such as, lung cancer, cancer of the larynx, esophagus, and bladder diseases. http://www1.umn.edu/perio ltobacco/secondhandsmoke.html / smoking is hazardous enough to an individualââ¬â¢s health and itââ¬â¢s even more disturbing when people are exposed to dangers caused by smoking. The tobacco company however, had thought false labeling would help the situation when all it has done is worsen the case. The tobaccoRead MorePersuasive Essay On Smoking1236 Words à |à 5 PagesThroughout history, smoking cigarettes has led to higher risks of developing different kinds of cancers and other health problems. Most people who are smokers are unaware of how serious their addiction actually is. Not only are they deteriorating their bodies, they are harming others in the process. Even if people are not concerned about their own health, they should at least be thoughtful be considerate enough to be mindful of people around th em, particularly their own family. Smoking cigarettes isRead MoreSmoking Persuasive Essay757 Words à |à 4 PagesSmoking is a plague to a plethora of individuals. Despite the numerous anti-smoking campaigns held all over the country, we have seen the number of smokers decline in a prolong rate. Even though, millions of ex-smokers surrendered to the temptation and continued with their atrocious habitââ¬âfeeling depressed since theyre not mentally stable. Naturally, the query ascends: how plausible is it to quit with a horrible addiction like smoking? The simple answer to this question is ââ¬Å"Yesâ⬠only if the personRead MorePersuasive Essay Smoking896 Words à |à 4 Pagesoften seen as a safe or safer route to smoking. It is also relatively new to the market, only hitting the mainstream over the past decade. Due to the fact that it hasnââ¬â¢t been a part of the public consciousness for as long as cigarette smoking, there is a lot of people that still do not fully understand about it. Smoking is an evil habit that millions of people around the world have adapted. However, luckily vaporizers have become a huge trend in the smoking world. ââ¬Å"About 3.7% of adults currentlyRead MorePersuasive Essay On Smoking707 Words à |à 3 PagesThe sound of a cough rings throughout the park. The foul stench of thousands of chemicals wafts through the air. Peering around, the culprit is spotted; a man smoking on a nearby bench. Smoking has long since been regarded as one of the number one avoidable causes of death (Pietrangelo Cherney, 2017). Tobacco is one of the most widely-used recreational drugs in the world and although most countries put age restrictions on its use, over a billion adults smoke tobacco legally every day. As wellRead MoreSmoking Persuasive Essay778 Words à |à 4 Pagesworldwide start smoking every day, and almost half of those children live in Asia. Its estimated that nearly 4.5 million United States youth are smokers, and if thi s current pattern persists, about 6.4 tobacco-using children will die prematurely from a smoking-related disease. From those 80,000 to 100,000 children about 50% of them will continue smoking for another decade or two. These kids help make up the 90% of smokers that started before age 21. The youth that has and will start smoking will haveRead MorePersuasive Essay Smoking995 Words à |à 4 Pagesstill chose to do it. Smoking is a force of habit, it is a choice a person makes either to participate or not but it becomes outrageously addictive. The person choosing to smoke may not realize that they are not just harming themselves but they are also harming the ones surrounded by them. It has a negative effect on the people around the smoker because when the nicotine gets in the air it becomes hard to breathe and it travels amongst people faster than they realize. Smoking should be banned in allRead MoreSmoking Ban Persuasive Essay985 Words à |à 4 PagesINFORMATION For several decades, smoking remains one of the most common and most unhealthy of human habits. Smoking, specifically in public, had generally been regarded as a personal choice that bystanders had little control over. Now for the first time, the act of public smoking is becoming regulated, even restricted in many cities worldwide. The city of Columbia has recently implemented a ban on smoking in efforts to reduce the negative effects of smoking on employees and customers of restaurants
Saturday, December 14, 2019
Classification Free Essays
During our lifetime, we come across many different types of people. Some people will dislike us while others will want to be just like us. The ones who dislike you are mostly referred to as your enemies and the ones who want to be like you are called your friends. We will write a custom essay sample on Classification or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are three different types of friends. They are the acquaintances you make in school, the friends you lose as you grow, and best friends who may leave, but they never go too far. First of all, there are the friends that you only see during school. When you see them out in public, it is like they do not even exist. Usually, you have known them for many years, and still have not talked to them outside of school. These acquaintances are nice people to talk to, but nobody really puts in the extra effort to make it more than that. You never have to worry about taking chances with these types of friends. You just talk to them in school, and go on your marry way. These acquaintances are the people that you talk to about different hobbies and class studies. Not your own personal life. Acquaintances are the ones that you will not see for the first time until the schools ten year reunion. Second, there are your former friends. This type of friend is the one that grew up in your neighborhood and eventually moved away. With this type of friend, they bring back the childhood memories that many thought were forgotten. One might be embarrassed at first about seeing their former friend, but as soon as conversation starts they are back to their childhood. This type of friend is good to have because it is nice to go back and remember the old times. Lastly, you have your best friends. These friends are the ones that are practically a part of your family. Your best friend is the one you go to when you are having problems and need advice. Usually you have the best times when you are with them. Best friends share common interests, and do many things together. It is nice to have these friends, because they are the ones that are always there for you no matter what happens. It is just nice to know that someone is always going to be there for you. There are many different types of friends, but the three main categories are the acquaintances, the ones you lose, and your best friends. Throughout life, you meet many different types of people. They may become your best friend, or you may just be acquaintances. Whatever it is, it is always nice to have a little bit of each. How to cite Classification, Essay examples Classification Free Essays The positive teachers are by far the most agreeable teachers. A positive teacher is one who seems interested in his subject and his students. The first thing a positive teacher does is try to learn all of the studentââ¬â¢s names. We will write a custom essay sample on Classification or any similar topic only for you Order Now This kind of teacher allows for questions and discussions in class and does not seem to mind if a student disagrees with him. A positive teacher shows his interest out of class as well. Not only is he available for conferences, but he encourages students to see him if they need help.The students tend to feel comfortable in the presence of this teacher. A good example of a positive teacher is my French teacher, Monsieur Poirrot. He always allows time during the class hour for some free discussion. Once, when some of the students in our class were having trouble with the pronunciation of the rolled ââ¬Å"râ⬠in French, he took several hours of his own time to work with us in very small groups in his office until we had mastered the sound. Unfortunately, teachers like monsieur Poirrot are relatively small in number. Of the three types of teachers, the negative teachers are the least agreeable. These are the kind that every student dreads. Not only do they not learn the studentsââ¬â¢ names, but they seem almost hostile both in class and out of class. In class, the negative teachers, like the neutral teachers, primarily lecture; they may want the students to learn, but unlike the neutral and positive teachers, the negative teachers, the negative teachers allow virtually no questions and no discussion. The negative teachers also do not seem to favor the idea of having conferences and are almost never in their offices .Students avoid seeing them for conferences if at all possible. An excelled example of a negative teacher is Dr. Wollen, my physics professor. His classes are twice as boring as any class of a neutral teacher, and he is often intimidating in class. One day, for example, when one student asked him to repeat his explanation of the theory of relativity, he became quite angry and refused to repeat what he had just lectured on. The negative teacher is too often inflexible; in fact, he seems more like a machine than a human being. Fortunately, this group is in the minority.Before I came to college, I was told not to expect my professors to care much about me or my work; indeed, I was told that I would be lucky if any of them even knew my name! But when I came to university, I soon learned that these generalizations were too broad. Not all the teachers are the same. In fact, I have found that most of the professors here at State fall into three categories: the positive teachers, the neutral teachers, and the negative teachers. The type of teacher students get can directly affect how much they learn.Obviously, students learn more from a positive teacher; unfortunately, as we have seen, this type makes the minority. Since the mission of the university is to educate, administrators should try to get the neutral and negative teachers to improve their teaching methods and attitudes; otherwise, the administrators should consider dismissing at least the negative teachers and make every effort to hire those teachers who show promise of being positive ones. Unlike the positive teachers, the neutral teachers are not very agreeable.In general, the neutral teachers just do not seem interested in either the subject or the student. These teachers usually do not learn all of the studentââ¬â¢s names, though they may learn a few. Their classes tend to be more boring than the positive teachersââ¬â¢ classes because they allow less time for discussion. However, like the positive teacher, the neutral teacher allows for questions and some discussion, but he just does not seem to care if the students are interested enough to want to discuss the subject or not.Although the neutral teacher is available for conferences, he does not encourage students to come see him for help; as a result, most students feel slightly uncomfortable in his presence, especially during a conference. Professor Hilton, my economics professor, is typical of the neutral teacher. She comes into class, opens her notes, lectures, allows questions and some discussion, and then leaves class. When I had a problem understanding one of the concepts we had discussed in class one day, I went to her office for a conference.She was polite enough but did not make any special effort to see that I understood the concept during the conference. She more or less repeated what she had said in class. Very few students go to see her for a conference because they think she is simply not interested. From what I have gathered in my conversations with other students, the neutral teachers make up the largest category. Good and Bad Teachers Essay Usually the term education is used meaning the great impact that parent have on the future personality of their child.But this also includes school education, because nowadays, when parents are very busy they are the people, who teach children what is beautiful and what is ugly, what is right and what is wrong. Through them children learn to perceive the inner world. And the way they perceive it depends on the teacherââ¬â¢s personal particularities that are transmitted to children through interaction and the knowledge that the teacher offers them. Therefore there is much more to a teacher than high professionalism. What makes kids hardly wait until the lesson starts in one cases and hating the subject in others?Of course high professionalism in the field of the taught subject is very important, but when it comes to being a bad or a good teacher this is not the weightiest factor. A good teacher is a person who not just reproduces the knowledge he got. Not a person that only brings up the interest to the subject. It is a person who finds individual approach to every pupil, taking care about the childââ¬â¢s adaptation in class, increasing oneââ¬â¢s social status in class and making sure the children learn to take into account and respect the thoughts of other people.It is a man or a woman that can not ââ¬Å"playâ⬠the teacherââ¬â¢s role but he in the first place ââ¬Å" a feeling human beingâ⬠in front of the students, a person that can show emotional response. For example, if the teacher is professionally go od enough but does not take critics from the pupils constructively or does not explain why he thinks he is right this makes a huge gap between the students and the teacher. And when there is no emotional contact the learning cannot be called successful, for the students are not completely involved.When the teacher does not treat students as people that obey him, treats them like they are equal to him and explains equally to everybody it can really be a pointer of a ââ¬Å"goodâ⬠teacher. And one other very important thing is creativity. One of the indicators of a ââ¬Å"goodâ⬠teacher it is his desire to teach in a new, original form, adding something new and personal to make the learning process as exciting as it can possibly be. A bad teacher is a person that focuses only on the information he provides not taking into account the children or anything.It is a person that is doing its job. Such a person can be very good in the theoretical part of his subject but he will never have students being emotionally attached to him. It is a teacher that lets his personal mood influence on the way he treats his students, ect. That cannot reduce awkward situations with humor either it is him in the situation or his student. Being a good teacher is about loving children and wanting to give them only the best the teacher has inside of him. How to cite Classification, Papers Classification Free Essays Bryce Langdon Professor Joliffe English 1301 17 October 2010 Smokers Smoking tobacco has been around for many thousands of years and cigarettes specifically have been around for a few thousand as well. Smoking can be split up into several classifications with three of the primary ones being those people who smoke to reduce tension, people who socially smoke and habit smokers. Regardless of the type of smoker a person is, smoking is an addiction and harmful not only to the smoker but to family members, coworkers and any other person who comes into contact with the second-hand smoke. We will write a custom essay sample on Classification or any similar topic only for you Order Now Social Smokers. Casual smokers are those who typically do not inhale the cigarette smoke. They are not addicted to the nicotine. Some may think they are safe from the harm of a cigarette by ââ¬Å"pretendingâ⬠to smoke, but do not let this kind of smoking fool you. A person is still getting some of the affects of the smoke on top of other environmental toxins and second-hand smoke. Many times the casual smoker is only compensating for something being in their hands and often times will turn into a regular smoker. Casual smokers often times smoke a lot more than he or she will publicly admit.Many regular smokers envy the casual smoker because they believe that they have better control over their addiction and can stop on a dime but the fact of the matter is that most casual smokers end up smoking for false pleasures, trying to feel like they did when they were non-smokers (QuitSmokinGuide. com, 2009). Smokes to Reduce Tension. A person who smokes to reduce tension uses the cigarette to manage negative effects, stressful situations and feelings of anger, fear, and anxiety. These type of smokers are often considered ââ¬Å"light smokersâ⬠because life is full of stressful situations , hence the tension.Light smokers typically smoke between half a pack to one pack a day. Casual smokers easily slip into this smokes to reduce tension classification and often have been smokers, quit, and taken up smoking once again, several times. Many light smokers could still benefit from products aimed at reducing nicotine addiction, like nicotine gum or counseling, however changing priorities and lifestyle often help these type of smokers kick their habit (Painter, 2009). Habit Smokers. According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 1. 3 billion people are smokers worldwide and smokers die an average fifteen years sooner than nonsmokers (Hawkins).For most habit smokers, smoking is not even enjoyable any more. People often have developed a behavioral pattern that causes them to light up as a response to a cue, for example a cup of coffee or getting into the car. Habit smokers can fall into the category of heavy to chain smokers who consume anywhere from two to more than three packs a day. When the habit smoker takes the steps necessary to quit smoking the possible withdrawal symptoms can be ugly but one must remember these are results from the person smoking not because they decided to stop. Such symptoms could include tingling or numbness in the arms and legs, severe headaches, diarrhea or constipation, and a overall uncomfortable feeling. CONCLUSION With several classifications of smokers, they are have similar characteristics for example they are cause lung damage. However, depending on the degree of smoker that a person is depends on how difficult it is going to be for the person to quit once they actually put their mind to it. No matter the classification, any person who quits smoking will be making a difference right away.A personââ¬â¢s taste and smell will get better, along with breathe smelling better, decrease in nasty cough, and more importantly add years onto the end of their life.Works Cited ââ¬Å"Casual Smokers. â⬠QuitSmokingGuide. com. 2009. Web. 19 Oct 2010. . Painter, K. ââ¬Å"Your Health: Light smokers could need help quitting, too. â⬠USA Today 16 November 2009: n. pag. Web. 19 Oct 2010. . ââ¬Å"Smoking Classification. â⬠Projects for Students by Students. Oracle ThinkQuest, n. d.. Web. 19 Oct 2010. . ââ¬Å"Types of Smokers (by Cigarette Consumption). â⬠Nursing Research (n. d. ): n. pag. Web. 19 Oct 2010. . How to cite Classification, Papers
Thursday, December 5, 2019
Social Policy free essay sample
Explain the meaning of the term ââ¬Ësocial policyââ¬â¢ and discuss how social policy is applied in practice, drawing upon the major milestones in the development of the British welfare state. For the purpose of this assignment I intend to discuss in great detail social policy and how it is applied in practice, using examples from mainly voluntary sectors. I will also discuss the introduction of the Beverage report in 1948 and Margaret Thatcherââ¬â¢s move to the new right approach in 1979 in regards to being the two major milestones within the development of the welfare state. Social Policy is a study of the social services and the welfare state, the welfare state being anything that helps people get back on their feet after hardship, this is not always in regards to money it can sometimes relate to resources. Social Policy it looks at socially constructed issues such as divorce, unemployment, crime and it aims to improve them by making positive changes. Social policy also looks at vulnerable people in society such as single parents, elderly people, disabled people and looks at ways in which they can be supported. Social policy is not always legislation it can be looked at more along the lines of trial and error, almost like guidelines or aims something to be worked towards achieving. It is not always effective depending on how beneficial or valuable it is and whether or not people choose to conform. Although most sociologist wouldnââ¬â¢t agree on social policy and the definitions may vary depending on whether the sociologist is left or right wing. Left wing approach supports social equality and discourages hierarchy, whilst looking out for and supporting disadvantaged individuals within society. In contrast to this is the right wing approach which accepts hierarchy and social inequalities, and views them as inevitable. It is very much a functionalist approach seeing hierarchy as necessary for society to function. Ways in which social policy is put into place are through projects such as The New Economic Foundation also known as the NEF they work with people within society as well as the government, businesses and academic sources to help improve society as a whole tackling all areas surrounding the nvironment, economy and society. NEF are an independent registered charity who are funded by, grants and donations, individual followers and earned income ââ¬Å"Our individual supporters gave a total of ? 121,860 this yearâ⬠(NEF, 2013). There is also David Cameronââ¬â¢s Big Society, which aims to concentrate on welfare being provided more through voluntary sectors rather than the state, this in turn aims to give communities more control over issues such as public service s, schools and housing. It also encourages and financially supports people working towards a better future, to enable them to improve their circumstances. ââ¬Å"A strong, diverse, well-capitalised and sustainable social investment market in the UK, through which social sector organisations can access appropriate and affordable finance and support to grow their impact on society. â⬠(Big society, 2013) There are believed to have been two major milestones in the development of the British welfare state, one of which was the implementation of The Beverage report in 1948, this was introduced by William Beveridge after the war to help maintain control. The Beveridge report was very much a left wing approach, based on and supported by social democracy, he had the idea that everybody needs to work together in order to reduce inequalities and believed it was the responsibility of the government to help and support citizens who needed it. He identified 5 social evils that needed to be overcome in order for society to function, Ignorance (education) , squalor (housing), want (need), idleness (unemployment) and finally disease (health) for the purpose of his assignment I will be concentrating on disease, this was combated by the introduction of the National Health Service, most commonly known as the NHS. This was introduced in 1948 and provided free healthcare for the state, it provided security from the cradle to the grave. The second of the major milestones was Margaret Thatcherââ¬â¢s move to the new right approach in 1979, as a conservative her approach was very much a right wing approach, she questioned the social democracy, she reduced welfare spending and she sold off council houses. Margaret Thatcher also challenged the method of delivering welfare. Social democracy which was favoured by the UK government following the war was based on the theory of John Keynesà and was implemented through the Beveridge report, this theory believed it was necessary for the government to intervene within the economy and thought society should work together to help each other, the strong supporting the weak. The new right theory which was dominant in 1979, supported the capitalist system and believed it was cable of providing wealth for everyone, they believe that the government should not intervene with the market system via taxes, or welfare as the market system makes sure prices and wages meet supply and demand ensuring employment for all. It sees the welfare state as being unnecessary and although it shouldnââ¬â¢t be eliminated entirely they believe it should follow a residual model, which is basically only the deserving poor should be given minimal benefits, thus making the rich richer and he poor poorer. Margaret Thatcherââ¬â¢s challenging attitude towards the delivery method of welfare introduced welfare pluralism, also known as mixed economy welfare, meaning that the welfare is not provided only by the state it is made up of 4 different sectors. Government agencies, which is the welfare state, advantages of this would be that there is very little chance of bankruptcy within this sector as the government can raise taxes to maintain welfare for those who require it, this way of providing welfare also ensures that only qualified individuals can work within this sector maintaining a high standard of care which can be equally distributed throughout the whole country, the disadvantages of this method of welfare are that specialist care such as elderly people is overlooked and it is possible that they would benefit more from voluntary care rather than the state, it creates higher taxes as people now have longer life expectancies and it can also create dependency upon the state giving people no motivation. Voluntary Organisations, which is charities this can be cheaper as volunteers and donations are used, and as previously discussed can attend to specific needs better than the state such as elderly, people suffering with HIV or dea ling with domestic abuse. Disadvantages of this are that if the charity fails to get funding the care may not be available long term, also due to funding welfare may not be distributed evenly across the country. In addition to this volunteers may lack qualifications and training. Private Sector, which is profit making companies because of their profit making nature the quality of care can often be better in the hopes to attract business, there is also more of an element of choice within this sector. Although like the voluntary sector if the business ends the service provided will be terminated, and the private sector is only really available to those with money. Informal Sector, this is where welfare is provided by the family. Although it promotes independence and saves the government money it is very much a New Right view upon which the care responsibilities fall on women and in some cases young children who are more often than not lacking in resources. As you can see Margaret Thatcher and William Beveridge had a huge impact on the development of the British welfare state, whether some would agree or disagree that all changes where positive they have never the less influenced the British society we live in today. Although there is still controversy in regards to certain aspects of the welfare state, recently there has been argument by Iain Duncan Smith, the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions in regards to pensioners and their benefits ââ¬Å"Wealthy elderly people who do not need benefits to help with fuel bills, TV licences or free travel should return the money, the work and pensions secretary says. â⬠(BBC, 2013). This has created huge controversy as people feel that after such a long time of paying into the system that they are deserving of these benefits and may also discourage people from paying into the system in future, this is a situation in which the trial and error of social policy would be applicable. Reference List: NEF. (2013). Who funds us. [Online]Available: http://www. neweconomics. org/pages/who-funds-us. [Accessed 10th May 2013]. Big Society Capital. (2013). OUR VISION AND MISSION. [Online] Available from: http://www. bigsocietycapital. com/our-vision-and-mission. [Accessed 10th May 2013]. BBC News UK. (2013). Iain Duncan Smith urges wealthy elderly to hand back benefits. [Online] Available from: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/uk-22327335. [Accessed: 10th May 2013].
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